This article was originally published at CustomerThink.com and being re-posted with some updates and modifications.

Marketers used market segmentation methods for a very long time. However, as our abilities to collect and manage information continues to improve, the new methods of segmentation become available to enable more targeted marketing efforts for marketers and better products and services for consumers. One of the most commonly accepted strategies utilized is demographic segmentation based on an assumption that a specific group (based on age, gender, etc) is a primary consumer of your product or service. Sometimes this assumption is based on the product purchase history. Regardless of the validity of an assumption, it does not often provide an insight on “WHY” this demographic segment would select the product in question or “HOW” they would use it. In other words, there is a lot of guessing that has to take place or additional segmentation strategies to be deployed. In my opinion, the popularity of demographic strategy lay mostly in its low cost and ease of access as behavioral and psychographic segmentation requires a lot of research that translates into high cost and time-to-market constraints.

The advances in technology start to offer new opportunities for market segmentation based on automated analysis of customer-generated content which is becoming available with the proliferation of social media and the rise of Social Consumer. Essentially instead of assuming what demographic group would be the ideal target for our marketing efforts, we could look at a group that already expressed their interest by purchasing specific types of products or services and learn “WHAT” elements of their experience were important to them.

Joel Rubinson, one of my favorite authorities in the field,  posted this on Google+ ”as I review materials for the NYU social media class I am about to teach, I believe that Facebook will lead to the end of demographic targeting for media. Of course, content consumption and sharing behavior also enable this but Facebook will be the catalyst. Why not target on interests and actions? Thoughts?”

Most companies of any size use online survey techniques in an attempt to engage their customers, but the method does not support discovery of customer perspective; it validates assumptions of the company based on questions posed and deemed important. Again, the primary driver of survey method popularity is not the quality of the output and ability to provide better market intelligence, but the cost of implementation. I would suggest there are better alternatives today to learn unbiased market segment knowledge in applications of Opinion Mining technology to unsolicited customer-generated content.

The Opinion Mining approach offers much better quality of market segment intelligence and often rivals Survey approach in terms of implementation complexity and cost. I would like to offer an example to illustrate my point. Let’s look at tablets market segment defined by a few popular products in this category; however, non-like products that compete for the same wallet share can be used to get valuable insights:

• Apple iPad2 (666 customer “stories”)
• Blackberry Playbook (255)
• HP TouchPad (650)
• Motorola Xoom (576)
• Samsung Galaxy Tab 10.1 inch and (502)
• Toshiba Thrive (433)

These products were selected based on their popularity that manifested itself in a number of their customer-generated content references available online in a form of customer reviews, forum comments or social networks product page messages.

The first level of Customer Intelligence gained by Opinion Mining of this customer content is a list of customer experience attributes, sorted by their importance. The importance is measured as a percentage of total number of unsolicited opinions expressed by the customers. This answers the questions – WHAT is important to the customers and HOW important that is.

The next level allows the measuring of the difference between customer expectations and their experience and measures HOW well the customers’ needs are met. We use a two-point scale to visualize that difference (0=unacceptable, 1=experience meets expectations, 2=delighted); however, the measurements can easily be converted to any scale of choice without losing their meaning or accuracy. The chart below focuses on the top four attributes of customer experience by their importance to illustrate the approach.

There are practical implications of these measurements as they reflect on marcom messaging that have created customer expectations the product needs to meet. In the example above, most of the products exceeded the expectations of their customers in attributes most important to them by a significant margin. As an illustration, I would suggest that perhaps messaging about usability of these products could leverage customer sentiment to assure consumers who are hesitant to make a purchase and increase their products market adoption. That calls for a next level of intelligence that provides an answer to WHY customers feel this way and provide a context in which they express their opinions.

Above is a very small sample to illustrate the use of words and expressions (in square brackets) people to describe their opinions, and how they are attributed to a specific element of customer experience. These words, expressions ad even quotes can be used to fortify marketing messaging. Think of the very successful marketing campaign by Tempur-Pedic.

The flip side of the coin – early understanding of root causes of customer disappointment – can help to alleviate larger problems, turn the problem situation around or even present an opportunity for differentiation as illustrated below.

Looking deeper reveals a lot of unhappiness about compatibility:

And even deeper analysis will provide a context that is invaluable for taking an advantage of the opportunity (click on the image below to make it larger):

To sum it up – this type of market intelligence can be produced within a few hours at cost of a few hundred dollars without any installation, implementation or training investment which makes it difficult to ignore as an alternative or addition to survey and panels approach. As GPS technology thought us – multiplicity of signal sources results in better decision quality.

This analysis is based on 82,620 customer reviews of 318 smart phones published online by December 15th 2011.

To insure statistical representation and accuracy of results, we have focused on 42 smart phones that were reviewed at least 100 times this year. That may mean that some phones that were introduced toward the end of the year did not qualify for this report.

We have studied before the correlation between number of reviews published online and a number of units shipped, and therefore found it important to use it for comparison.

The most customer-reviewed phones of 2011 are HTC Thunderbolt (5,579), Apple iPhone 4-16GB (4,106) and LG Ally (2,514).

HTC got a hold on the position of the most reviewed brand in the smart phones category largely based on popularity of the Thunderbolt.

The customer’s enthusiasm for Android smart phones and the availability of a large number of models from multiple brands produced very unbalanced distribution of  reviews (75%).  

However, the Android OS enthusiasm did not translate into customer satisfaction lead as Windows phone customers’ expectations were exceeded by their experience with a wider margin. One of the possible reasons is the relatively weaker support of Android by the developer’s community that translates into the availability of applications.

It appears that Nokia’s decision to migrate their phones to Window OS is a wise one considering Symbian satisfaction scores.

Our Market Intelligence Analysis of the smart phone segment indicates that the following Attributes of customer experience are most important to them:

1. Reliability – 14.76% of all opinions expressed
2. Usability – 7.23% of all opinions expressed
3. Battery Life – 6.42% of all opinions expressed
4. Display – 5.82% of all opinions expressed
5. Camera & Video – 4.91% of all opinions expressed
6. Reception/Call Quality – 2.57% of all opinions expressed
7. Customer Support – 2.27% of all opinions expressed
8. Keyboard – 2.27% of all opinions expressed
9. Design (style) – 1.57% of all opinions expressed
10. Price – 1.23% of all opinions expressed
11. Music Player – 1.00% of all opinions expressed

In terms of overall satisfaction, Blackberry Style 9670 has earned the top customer satisfaction rating (1.60) and HTC Rhyme (1.59) came within a statistical tie, while Motorola Citrus (0.72) and Droid 2 Global (0.82) are on the very bottom of the list.

To get more specific insights into the dynamics of the smart phone customer perceptions, we sampled a market segment by analyzing the most experienced (i.e., most reviewed) models representing different operating systems. We picked the models that are close to each other in a number of customer reports to make it more comparable.

1. Apple iPhone 4S – 542 customers
2. Blackberry Torch 9800 – 550 customers
3. HTC Trophy – 236 customers
4. Nokia N8 – 523 customers
5. Samsung Continuum Galaxy S – 444 customers

More details and customer feedback verbatim are available via access to the dynamic dashboard for this segment on request.

We are proud to announce the a new release of Opinion Mining software is now available to our customers and registered users. The release includes the following functions, features and enhancements:

• New format of Customer Intelligence analysis report along with short videos to help quick adoption

• New pages on our website describing how our customers using Customer Feedback Analysis to outsell their competition.

• New Trending report

I would like to thank our customers who provided valuable feedback that helped us develop these new capabilities.

I keep struggling with the definition of what is an innovative blockbuster product (or service), and this is yet another attempt: A truly innovative product is the one that delights its customers by anticipating their needs before they knew they have them. In other words, if you want to develop a blockbuster product, you should stop trying to better serve the existing needs of your customers and instead try to discover needs that customers may not realize they have and address them.

Traditionally, companies use customer feedback to assess satisfaction with existing products and to validate product developer’s ideas for the improvements. One of the most popular methods used for collecting customer feedback are survey and panels, where the questions asked or topics moderated tend to reflect interests of product development team and focus on how customers experience their product.

I would like to pose that truly innovative product developers use a different perspective to discover the needs customers cannot articulate in controlled or moderated environment – the perspective of holistic experience of a job the customer “hired” the product in question to do.

The journey starts with the understanding of what the “job” they want to do is and what a desirable outcome is. The next step is to imagine how this whole experience can be simplified in its entirety, which may or may not involve your product. I use the word “simplified” because it is an ultimate description of improvement in a context of “desirable outcome.” Terms we usually use to describe improvements – Better, Faster, Cheaper – are traps anchoring us to the incremental changes of status quo.

The complete customer experience starts with a notion that the desired outcome can be achieved, and goes through discovery of components required, acquisition of the components and/or materials and skills all the way through a process of applying them. Your product may be just one of many in that process, but if you can make it easier to find at the conception stage, simpler to understand that it is the best alternative to get the job done at the acquisition stage, and require less skill and/or effort to operate, that will make your product a lot more successful. However, truly innovative products do often have an element of disruption that does not easily fit into organizational structures. If you are a drill product manager, and survey satisfaction of a drill purchasers, the ideas of alternative wall anchoring to hung pictures will not likely come up. However, even if it does, how does it help you or your department?  I wonder if a celebrated genius of Steve Jobs could only manifest itself because he operated from above of organizational hierarchy.

The question is, “Can Customer Feedback help to create innovative products?” If you define Customer Feedback as the results of survey or other structured information-gathering method, the answer is NO. The best outcome of these exercises is reduced uncertainty about your assumptions (i.e., confirmation of what you already know). The probability of discovering an idea that could lead to the conceptualization of an innovative product is extremely low, but could be improved somewhat by allowing open-ended questions and a lot of unstructured comments.

I define Customer Feedback as any and all customer-generated content available about a product/service in any form customers chose to communicate it. That includes company and public forums, customer support notes and call transcripts, company sales notes, customer’s Facebook comments, and customer videos and reviews published online. The wider Customer Feedback “fishing” net is cast, the higher probability of innovative ideas discovery. Combine it with the right analysis methodology that does not tie you up with pre-conceived keywords and ontology, and your chances are looking even better.

This is a new analysis of customer feedback, which is available online, about their smart phones. At this time we are tracking and analyzing comments from 37,110 customers on 136 mobile smart phones. I decided to filter out the phones which were not updated with new customer comments during the last 30 days to insure that these phones are still available on the market. The resulting Product Reputation report is available at Market Intelligence.

I selected the most reviewed phones for each operating system to take a close look at what attributes are important to the smart phone customers. As customers keep posting their reviews and forum comments about their experience with the phones they chose,  Reliability remains the most important specific attribute that dominate the conversation as 15.22% of all opinions mined is focused on it.

Let’s face it, anybody who buys a smart phone and pays for the service expects to be able to use their phone every time they want to. Apple clearly outshines competition by exceeding customers’ expectations of Reliability by 10%. HTC-HD7 (Win7 OS “representative”) meets their customers’ expectations: however Android (HTC Thunderbolt), Symbian (NokiaN8) and RIM’s Blackberry Curve 9330 are a disappointment to customers who selected to purchase these phones.

Overall customers are satisfied with their decisions to various degrees, but Apple iPhone users are reporting that the phone exceeded their expectations by 42%. Not surprisingly they also are the most satisfied with the choice and quality of the Applications available to them, their Usability and Web Browsing Experience. Since I personally have never purchased an Apple product, nobody can accuse me in the Apple bias: however this phone has earned a remarkable reputation by managing not to disappoint its user in a single attribute of customer experience.

Nokia N8 leads customer satisfaction in Battery Life, exceeding expectations by 14%, Call Quality, Music Player experience, Sound and Video Quality. However, it also disappoints their customers where it really counts – poor Customer Support, inadequate Keyboard, Operating System experience and Web Browsing.

Below is the list of top 19 Customer Experience Attributes by their importance to the customers as they opined in their comments and reviews. Our methodology does not utilize surveys, focus groups, panels or other forms of leading questions/bias forming market research tools. I have filtered out any Attribute with importance below 0.35% that may be very valuable for Product Marketing analysis, but not very meaningful for general consumption. The complete list is available on request:

1. General Satisfaction (~CSI) – 16.96%
2. Reliability – 15.22%
3. Usability – 8.97%
4. Battery Life – 5.42%
5. Screen/Display experience – 4.44%
6. Call Quality – 3.78%
7. Customer Support – 3.39%
8. Style/Design – 3.19%
9. Picture Quality – 1.94%
10. Feature Set – 1.92

The selection of phones for the comparative analysis would vary based on criteria important to a person who conducts the research – I wanted to compare a single representative phone per operating system and you may want to find the best Android phone for example. The Attributes and their importance may vary based on such choice as customers “conversations” could yield substantially different results.

Last week, the announcement of Amazon Fire line of products created a sizable splash in social media, Consumer Electronics, business and IT publications. While this new device does not have specs of a tablet, most observers immediately started to pin it against iPad. Is it a fair comparison? The answer to this question depends on your definition of what a product is. If you define a product by its functions and features, the answer may be – No. However, if your understanding of a product agrees with Clay Christensen’s definition as the “jobs-to-be-done,” the iPad and Fire will most definitely compete for the same share of consumer wallet, as most customers of these devices use them for web browsing/entertainment most of the time.

Since the Amazon Fire is not yet shipping to the customers, I would like to offer a comparison between Amazon Kindle and Apple iPad 2 from the perspective of their customers. Online marketing research produced this analysis of 7,706 customers feedback published in social media.

The image above highlights the attributes of customer’s experience most important to them as they have articulated in their feedback. No keywords were used during the analysis to identify these attributes, and no questions were asked to influence the answers, as surveys are not our business or part of our opinion mining methodology.

You can click on this link to access the dynamic dashboard and verbatim (by clicking on a specific bar).

Given such a high perception of value users of relatively primitive but extremely functional Kindle give to their experience, the Fire is poised to make a sizable bite out of current iPad tablet growth prospects.

Social media monitoring quickly becomes a “commodity” with hundreds of companies’ rummaging through fire hose streams of communications published, re-published and re-tweeted every second of a day. Brands want to know what people think about them and are prepared to pay for this knowledge. But why is this so? What is the value of knowing that people communicate a positive sentiment about your brand today?

I would speculate that most companies make this investment without specific strategy or process on hand, and some companies do it to manage the reputation of their brands or in other words, to do PR damage control and risk mitigation. A very few do so to systematically improve their customers’ experience.

Most of Social Media chatter has relatively low value for opinion mining efforts, which need to be given attention if you want to extract actionable knowledge for systematic change.

Furthermore, it is important to understand the differences between the types of communications that use Social Media channels:

• People often refer to Word of Mouth (WOM) in Social Media as a buzz and focus too much on technology at the expense of the appropriate targets, actions and measurements.
• The Voice of the Customer (VOC) is a subset of WOM that can be directly attributed to the customers of your product. It is very similar and as valuable as, if not more valuable than, customer feedback collected by many companies through their “walled garden” channels at a great expense.

The opinion mining operation that is focused on the Voice of the Customer “ore” delivers significantly higher yield compared to the overall Social Media buzz in terms of actionable knowledge. It is possible because it provides a very close correlation to specific products and often describes holistic customer experience with these products. I refer to “holistic customer experience” in the context of the customer’s effort required to achieve a desired outcome. An example of a desirable outcome is a new roof for the house or a quality audio experience while exercising in a gym.

We consider all steps – from the initial purchase research to the selection, purchase, delivery and setup, and to a completed realization of the desired outcome – measure it as a difference between the customer’s expectations and their perception of reality (their actual experience). Examples of VOC “ore” include—in ascending order—customer forums, blogs and customer reviews published online.

Recent Forrester’s research found that 14% of executives surveyed said that their companies don’t solicit customer feedback at all, while 56% of the respondents said—or were not sure if—their companies do not have a formal VOC program. However, the most shocking finding is that nearly one out of every four executives said that they seldom or never use customer feedback to change a business process (source: http://www.mediapost.com/publications/?fa=Articles.showArticle&art_aid=142811).

The Temkin Group research identified it as the one of Top 10 Customer Experience Incompetencies, as shown in the table on the left.

There is a good reason why so many companies find it difficult to mine Social Media for improving customer experience:  most content generated by customers is unusable by corporate information systems that are built to process structured data.

The following steps have to be taken to address the big challenge of translating seemingly anecdotal evidence into a scalable, corporate process:

1. Aggregation, capture, cleansing and authentication of Voice of Customer data
2. Conversion of this data into structured information
3. Alignment of this information with corporate targets, i.e. conversion of this information into corporate knowledge
4. Integration of that knowledge into existing, repeatable business process.

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Category Management Report Tablet’ Brands Word of Mouth Assessment (July 1, 2011)

This information is based on analysis of 6,413 customer reviews published online on or before July 1, 2011 on popular websites like Amazon, Best Buy and Cnet.com.

Only customer’s generated content (Customer Word of Mouth) is analyzed. Consumers’ opinions, without ownership reference, are not part of this online marketing research. The customer generated content was located, authenticated, de-duped and aggregated for the analysis.

There is significant difference in volume of customer feedback available for online marketing research of various brands as illustrated on the chart below.

Changes in Customer perceptions over time

HP TouchPad Tablet was introduced just a few days ago with an enthusiastic number of reviews and remarkably high Customer Satisfaction score. However it is not appearing on the Trending charts above because there is no sufficient history yet to plot.

Trend – It appears that the tablets with proprietary operating systems outperform Android counterparts, in terms of Customer Satisfaction, as they come to the market. See the chart below.

Please follow the links to HP Touchdown, RIM PlayBook, and Motorola Xoom,  verbatim if you want to read what the customers say about their experiences.

For more detailed analysis, please request Customer Intelligence Analysis for specific segment of this category.